ES1702's Wikibox & Graphics Thread

The Blair Years (I) - Introduction & 1997 Wikibox
  • The Blair Years
    Sir Anthony Charles Lynton Blair may not have had the most typical of elevations to the top level of British politics, but it is indisputable that he has been the most successful political leader in the United Kingdom, and indeed the Western world, since at least the end of the Second World War. After Margaret Thatcher left office in 1990 few believed it was possible for one figure to be such a dominant force in their own party and the national political arena ever again. Indeed, it is not only in terms of influence that Blair resembled Thatcher, the Iron Lady herself declared Blair as her natural heir some way into his time as Prime Minister - continuing the work she had begun in 1979 to break the post-war consensus and provide new emphasis on free market policies.

    Tony Blair's almost complete domination of British politics traced its roots to 1992 and Black Wednesday. When Britain crashed out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, the Conservative Party's reputation for economic competency and management was destroyed. That propelled Labour to extraordinary leads in opinion polls, but the sudden death of John Smith in 1994 saw the still relatively little-known Tony Blair elected as his successor. His new brand of centrism, combined with fiscal responsibility and constitutional reform, while embracing popular market economics and social justice over equality saw his personal popularity soar (to become the most popular Leader of the Opposition since records began) and Labour skyrocket to unimaginable heights in the opinion polls.

    The 1997 general election result, to this day, remains almost beyond belief. Never before has one political party alone so dominated the House of Commons - and rarely has it ever occurred in another mature and free democracy like the United Kingdom. For the first time in 66 years, an absolute majority of votes cast was won by one party, and the record for the number of votes cast for a party in a general election was broken by a huge amount.


    Labour's enormous victory with 58.3% of the vote and 604 seats was so large and the opposition so crushed (the Conservatives were almost extinguished, reduced to a rump of just 21 seats but still enough to become the Official Opposition) that Blair himself felt the need to reassure the nation that he would use his power responsibly. After all, he was placed in a position where he could do anything he wanted and implement any policy he desired for the next five years at least. Many believed, and were proven right, that the scale of Labour's victory would keep them in power for well beyond five years.

    That victory in 1997 and the incredible endorsement that came from it gave Tony Blair the mandate to mould 21st Century Britain in his image, and the image of New Labour. For many millions of young people in Britain today, there has never been anyone other than Tony Blair as Prime Minister. Despite scandals and controversies, his constant graft and dogged determination to reform society and the economy has made him one of the most respected men not just in these islands but across the whole world. The story of the Blair Years is one of triumph and tragedy, longevity and lives cut too short, of success and failure, of praise and controversy. The whole story hasn't been told, until now.


    97MassiveLandslide.png
     
    The Blair Years (II) - First Moves & the Conservative Party
  • The Blair Years
    The ashen-faced look on Sir Edward Heath's face as his near-16,000 vote majority was overturned to become a near-6,000 vote Labour majority in Old Bexley and Sidcup, bringing an end to the former Prime Minister's 47-year long tenure as an MP and 5-year period as Father of the House, just about summed up the mood of the Conservative Party on election night in 1997. Hundreds of Tories, whether they were relative newbies or respected former Prime Ministers, could not hold back the Labour tidal wave that swept across the electoral map of Great Britain on 1st May and the party was crippled to unimaginably low numbers. Apart from the seats of William Hague, Norman Fowler and John Major, the Conservatives were now a party of the South East of England. The 11 Liberal Democrats, 3 Scottish Nationalists and 2 Welsh nationalists were the only others to hold out against Labour's sweep. Northern Ireland's unique party system boosted the opposition's numbers to 55 in the new Parliament.


    97Map.png

    Tony Blair's jubilant arrival in Downing Street on 2nd May was immediately followed by the first significant task of governing - forming a Cabinet. The Shadow Cabinet was transferred almost exactly into the Cabinet, with key appointments being made such as John Prescott as Deputy Prime Minister, Gordon Brown as Chancellor of the Exchequer, Robin Cook as Foreign Secretary and Jack Straw as Home Secretary. The new government set to work with a swift pace, Gordon Brown unexpectedly announcing on 6th May that the Bank of England would be given operational independence over monetary policy and Blair himself introducing the Bill to hold the referenda on devolution in Scotland and Wales in September 1997. Just over a month after entering office, the Labour government had the United Kingdom sign up to the Social Chapter of the Maastricht Treaty that had contributed to the previous Tory government enduring almighty internal rows that helped seal its destruction in the election.

    While the Blair government set to work, what remained of the Conservative Party set about electing a successor to John Major to take on the unenviable task of Leader of the Opposition to a totally dominant government. With Major out of the running for obvious reasons, there just 20 possible contenders and only two stepped forward. With the State Opening of Parliament out of the way on 14th May, William Hague (the Wales Secretary in Major's government) and Virginia Bottomley (the National Heritage Secretary in Major's government) announced their candidacies for the leadership. The rump of 21 MPs voted on 22nd May for their new leader and, in a result that was both a surprise and unsurprising, Virginia Bottomley won out to become the second female leader of her party thanks to John Major's casting vote. Major, as the former leader, had sought to keep his vote private, but the public declarations of his 20 colleagues - splitting evenly between the two candidates - unmasked Major as the man who had made Bottomley his successor.


    1617588324355.png

    Bottomley had only 20 other MPs from, and was determined to leave at least a small number of MPs on the backbenches out of the Shadow Cabinet to ensure her leadership could be held to account. Bringing in a handful of Peers and a giving a couple of members multiple portfolios, Bottomley unveiled her Shadow Cabinet on 24th May...

    Leader of the Opposition
    Leader of the Conservative Party
    Virginia Bottomley MP
    Shadow Deputy Prime Minister
    Shadow Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions
    Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office
    Shadow Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
    Norman Fowler MP
    Shadow Chancellor of the ExchequerNicholas Soames MP
    Shadow Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
    Shadow Attorney General of England and Wales
    Nick Hawkins MP
    Shadow Leader of the House of CommonsJulian Lewis MP
    Shadow Leader of the House of Lords
    Chairman of the Conservative Party
    The Lord Baker of Dorking
    Shadow Chief Secretary to the TreasuryPhilip Hammond MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign & Commonwealth AffairsJohn Major MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentWilliam Hague MP
    Shadow Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodRichard Ottaway MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for HealthFrancis Maude MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for DefenceRichard Benyon MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Social SecurityPeter Ainsworth MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Education and EmploymentCheryl Gillan MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryIan Taylor MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Culture, Media and SportThe Lord Ryder of Wensum
    Shadow Secretary of State for International DevelopmentDominic Grieve MP
    Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
    Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland
    Shadow Secretary of State for Wales
    Michael Mates MP
    Opposition Chief WhipPaul Beresford MP
    Opposition Chief Whip in the House of Lords The Lord Strathclyde

    The four MPs that Bottomley had left on the backbenches were balanced 50-50 between those who had supported her in the leadership election and those who had supported William Hague. The 'loyalist' backbenchers were Geoffrey Johnson Smith and Charles Wardle, and the others were Desmond Swayne and Christopher Chope.
     
    Last edited:
    Boris' Britain (2.0)
  • YYOC0ln.png

    The 2016 Conservative Party leadership election occurred as a result of Prime Minister David Cameron's resignation as party leader. He had resigned following the national referendum to leave the European Union. Cameron, who supported Britain's continued membership of the EU, announced his resignation on 24 June, saying that he would step down by October. Boris Johnson won the contest on 6 September, defeating his opponent Theresa May in the ballot of party members. It was the first time Conservative Party members had directly elected a new Prime Minister.

    Nominations opened on 29 June; 4 candidates were nominated: Work and Pensions Secretary Stephen Crabb, Home Secretary Theresa May, former Defence Secretary Liam Fox and former Mayor of London Boris Johnson. Conservative Members of Parliament were due to vote in exhaustive ballots to determine which two candidates would go forward to a nationwide ballot of party members. However after the ballot on 5 July, Liam Fox was eliminated and Stephen Crabb withdrew after Johnson and May secured sufficient numbers of votes to guarantee that they would be the final two candidates put to the membership. Johnson narrowly defeated May in the MPs' ballot, securing one additional vote.

    Ballot papers were sent out to members from 15 August, with the ballot closing on 5 September. Johnson was announced as the winner on 6 September at the Queen Elizabeth II Centre in Westminster after winning the members' ballot with 53.6% of the vote on a turnout of 83.7%. David Cameron resigned as Prime Minister and Boris Johnson appointed his successor by the Queen on 7 September. Johnson appointed May, Crabb and Fox to his Cabinet, respectively as Foreign Secretary, International Development Secretary and Minister of State for Immigration.


    Rehashing this:
    The 2016 Conservative Leadership Election

    David Cameron announced he would resign as Prime Minister and Conservative Party Leader on 24 June in the aftermath of the 52-48 referendum vote to Leave the European Union. Over the coming days the rules and timetable for the leadership election were set out by the Chairman of the 1922 Committee Graham Brady. The nominations opened on 29 June and closed on 30 June. Four candidates put themselves forward: the former Mayor of London Boris Johnson, the Home Secretary Theresa May, the Work and Pensions Secretary Stephen Crabb and the former Defence Secretary Liam Fox.

    The first round of voting took place on 5 July with the second taking place on 7 July. The campaign to win over the membership kicked off immediately and the result was announced on 9 September. The new Leader took over as Prime Minister from David Cameron on 12 September.


    TrHGHvi.png
     
    Top